Efficient Node Deployment of Large-Scale Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) became essential in developing many applications, including smart cities and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. WSN has been used critical applications such as healthcare, military, transportation. Such depend mainly on the performance deployed sensor nodes. Therefore, deployment process to be perfectly arranged. However, for a is challenging due constraints taken into consideration. For instance, mobile nodes are already utilized their localization needs considered during process. Besides, heterogeneous employed recent efficiency cost-effectiveness. Moreover, development areas might have different properties importance. Those parameters increase complexity make it hard reach best scheme. This work, therefore, seeks discover plan WSN, considering these limitations throughout First, problem defined an optimization mathematically formulated using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) understand better. The main objective function maximize coverage given field with network lifetime constraint. Nodes’ mobility heterogeneity added constraints. importance monitored subareas also introduced this paper, where some could more than others. paper utilizes Swarm Intelligence heuristic algorithm large-scale problem. Simulation experiments show that proposed produces efficient schemes high rate minimum energy consumption compared algorithms. shows 30% improvement lifetime.